IDP Library - Grand Bazar
| Reference person: | Maria Victoria Cambronero (ACCIONA) |
|---|---|
| Simulation report: |
Reference building
| Name: | Grand Bazar |
|---|---|
| Location: | Antwerp (BE) |
General data
| Urban context: | urban |
|---|---|
| Climate: | H&CD |
| Building: | purpose-built |
| Year of construction: | 1885 |
| Year of retrofit: | 1990 |
| GLA before retrofit [m²]: | 20403 |
| GLA after retrofit [m²]: | |
| Shopping centre size: | Medium |
| Shopping centre sub-typology: | neighbourhood/community |
| Food store format: | hypermarket |
| Food store vending area [m²]: | 362 |
| Tenants vending area [m²]: | 13145 |
| Common areas and galleries [m²]: | 3463 |
| Nr of opening hours per day [h/d]: | 8.5 |
| Nr of opening days per week [d/w]: | 6 |
| Nr of closing days per year (because of holidays) [d/y]: | 9 |
Building features
| Centre design: | enclosed |
|---|---|
| Shape: | 0.3 |
| Orientation: | E/W |
| Number of levels above ground: | 3 |
| Number of underground levels: | 1.0 |
| Parking location: | |
| Number of parking levels: | no info |
| Biologically active area [%]: | 0% |
Perimeter
| Wall structure: | pre-fabricated panels |
|---|---|
| Wall insulation location: | interspace |
| Wall insulation material: | mineral |
| Wall U-value [W/m²K]: | 1.559 |
| WWR - north [%]: | 0 |
| WWR - east [%]: | 0 |
| WWR - south [%]: | 40 |
| WWR - west [%]: | 0 |
| Windows U-value [W/m²K]: | 2.70 |
| Window glazing g-value [-]: | 1 |
| Basement/Floor structure: | concrete slab |
| Basement/Floor insulation location: | in |
| Basement/Floor insulation material: | mineral |
| Basement/Floor thermal transmittance [W/m²K]: | 1.104 |
| Roof structure: | plane - pre-fabricated |
| Roof insulation location: | out |
| Roof insulation material: | mineral |
| Roof U-value [W/m²K]: | 0.958 |
| Vehicle accessible roof covering [%]: | 0 |
| Green roof covering [%]: | 0 |
| ST roof covering [%]: | 0 |
| PV roof covering [%]: | 0 |
| SRR [%]: | 0 |
| Skylight U-value [W/m²K]: | 1.300 |
| Skylight glazing g-value [-]: | 0.30 |
Technical room
| Location: | |
|---|---|
| BMS lighting [Y/N]: | |
| BMS natural ventilation [Y/N]: | |
| BMS HVAC [Y/N]: | |
| BMS refrigeration [Y/N]: | |
| BMS solar thermal system [Y/N]: | |
| BMS electric storage [Y/N]: | |
| Ventilation specific power [Wh/m³]: | |
| Heat recovery thermal efficiency [%]: | 0 |
| SPF heating [-]: | |
| SPF cooling [-]: |
Common areas
| Installed lighting power density [W/m²]: | 23 |
|---|---|
| Installed electric equipment power density [W/m²]: | 10 |
Tenants
| Installed lighting power density [W/m²]: | 36 |
|---|---|
| Installed electric equipment power density [W/m²]: | 10 |
Food store
| Installed lighting power density [W/m²]: | 30 |
|---|---|
| Installed electric equipment power density [W/m²]: | 20 |
Primary energy consumption
| Lighting [kWh/m²-y]: | 353 |
|---|---|
| Refrigeration [kWh/m²-y]: | 5 |
| Plug loads [kWh/m²-y]: | 95 |
| HVAC [kWh/m²-y]: | 133 |
| Tot. primary energy [kWh/m²-y]: | 586 |
Carbon emissions
| Carbon emissions [tonCO2eq]: | 2249 |
|---|
Inefficiencies
| Envelope ineff.1: | Missing daylighting panels |
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| Envelope ineff. 2: | No insulated external doors |
| Envelope ineff. 3: | Inefficient insulation |
| Lighting ineff.1: | Inefficient lamp technology and inefficient luminaires |
| Lighting ineff. 2: | No lighting design strategy for entrance and atrium spaces |
| Lighting ineff. 3: | |
| Refrigeration ineff. 1: | Open freezers and refrigerators |
| Refrigeration ineff. 2: | |
| Refrigeration ineff. 3: | |
| HVAC_general general ineff.: | No night temperature setbacks |
| HVAC_general general ineff.: | Boilers without flue gas economizers |
| HVAC_heating heating ineff.: | Missing air preheaters |
| HVAC_heating heating ineff.: | |
| HVAC_cooling cooling ineff.: | Missing TES |
| HVAC_cooling cooling ineff.: | |
| HVAC_ventilation ventilation ineff.: | Lack of recovery systems and "recycling" of energy |
| HVAC_ventilation ventilation ineff.: | Lack of cogeneration or trigeneration |
Retrofit solution set I
| Solution set I ID: | 13 |
|---|---|
| Primary energy consumption [kWh/m²-y]: | 354 |
| Primary energy savings [%]: | 40% |
| Carbon emissions tonCO2eq: | 1446 |
| Carbon emission savings [%]: | 50% |
| Investment cost [M€]: | 0.99 |
| Operational energy cost [k€/year]: | 295 |
| Pay-back time [years]: | 5.1 |
| Net Present Value [M€]: | 4.5 |
| Maintenance cost [k€/year]: | 63 |
